Implementing Differentiated Learning in the Merdeka Curriculum at Upper Elementary Level: Teachers’ Constraints and Adaptive Strategies

Muhammad Sulthon Fadil; Iik Nurulpaik

doi:10.51276/edu.v7i2.1663

Authors

Muhammad Sulthon Fadil Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Iik Nurulpaik Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51276/edu.v7i2.1663

Keywords:

Differentiated Learning , Elementary School , Independent Curriculum , Learning Obstacles , Teacher Strategies

Abstract

Differentiated learning constitutes a fundamental component of the Independent Curriculum that realizes responsive instruction toward student diversity. Its implementation in grade VI poses complex challenges that require adaptive strategies. This study analyzes the constraints and strategies teachers employ in implementing differentiated learning within the Independent Curriculum for grade VI in an elementary school. This qualitative descriptive research involved two grade VI teachers, the principal, and the curriculum coordinator at SDN Serang 20, Serang City. Data were collected through interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis. Findings indicate that differentiation practices predominantly occur in the learning process through flexible grouping and individual mentoring, while content and product differentiation remain limited. Main constraints include non-operational conceptual understanding, limited planning time, high student ability heterogeneity, infrastructure limitations, and administrative burden. Teachers develop adaptive strategies through continuous independent learning, collaborative learning community, simplified teaching modules, flexible grouping, intensive individual mentoring, and creativity in creating simple learning media. Institutional support through learning communities and collaborative leadership is a key success factor.

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Author Biographies

Muhammad Sulthon Fadil, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

He was born in Tangerang on June 5, 2004. He pursued a Bachelor's degree in Elementary School Teacher Education at the Indonesia University of Education (UPI), Serang Campus, starting in 2022, and graduated in early 2026.

Iik Nurulpaik, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Born in Pandeglang in 1974. He earned bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees in Educational Administration from Indonesia University of Education, an M.A.P from STIA LAN Bandung, and completed an Australia Award Fellowship at Flinders University, Australia.

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